第九章 本章小结

Text: Suntan and Society
Language Points
Exercises: 1) Vocabulary 2) Structure 3) Translation
Enjoy English
Grammar
          *Nonfinite Verbs & Infinitive (2) [非谓语动词 & 动词不定式 (2)]
Academic Writing
          *Descriptive Writing [描述体写作]

I. Vocabulary: Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions given below, changing the form where necessary. 

1) ______ indoors for a few days until your cold is better.
2) What we read ______ our thinking.
3) He ______ himself lucky to be alive after the plane crash.
4) She prefers making her own clothes ______ buying them in the shops.
5) If she hasn’t ______ by ten o’clock, I’m going without her.
6) Who will ______ the house when he dies?
7) The dry facts of history ______ flesh and blood under his pen.
8) We can’t ______ to upset such an important customer.
9) I know this job of mine isn’t well paid, but ______ I don’t have to work long hours.
10) I have ________ awake all night thinking of them.
11) She was laughing ________. She looked exhausted.
12) Scientists say that many factors ________ changes in the weather.
Answers:
1. Stay 2. influences 3. considers 4. instead of 5. appeared 6. inherit 7. take on 8. afford
9. on the other hand 10. lain 11. no longer 12. bring about
II. Structure
2.1 Combine each group of sentences after the model, using –ing forms:
Model: Wealthy people usually had a tan. It became a sign of wealth.Having a tan became a sign of wealth.
Exercise:
1) He likes fishing. That is one of his hobbies.
2) Tom fell ill. He had eaten too much ice-cream.
3) We have to get enough people to do the job. That is our main problem.
4) She has to look after the baby and cook for the whole family. That is her job.

Answers:
1) Liking fishing is one of his hobbies.
2) Eating too much ice-cream made Tom ill.
3) Our main problem is getting enough people to do the job.
4) Her job is looking after the baby and cooking for the whole family.

2.2 Study the models and put the following Chinese into English by using noun clauses:
Models: Where we live and how we live after we are born is important, too.Our genes influence how fat or thin we are.
Exercise:
1) __________ (他们为什么要离开这个国家) is a secret.
2) __________ (谁将主持会议) has not yet been decided.
3) I don’t remember __________ (她已经这样说过多少遍了).
4) Do you know __________ (这是谁的钢笔)?
Answers:
1) Why they left the country 　2) Who will chair the meeting
3) how many times she has said so 4) whose pen is this

2.3 In English, if the antecedent (先行词) is an indefinite pronoun (不定代词) or a noun modified by an adjective in its superlative degree, the attributive clause is normally introduced by the conjunctive “that”. Study the models and fill in the blanks with “that” or “which”:Models: Heredity is not the only thing that influences our skin color.Our skin color comes from the conditions in which we live.
Exercise:
1) These books, ______ you can get at any bookshop, will give you all theinformation ______ you need.
2) This is one of the rooms ______ was damaged in the fire.
3) He asked for the best book ______ was available on the subject.
4) The goals for _____ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
Answers:
2.3
1) which; that2) that3) that 4) which

2.4 Study the models and translate the following sentences into Chinese:

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